Friday, October 24, 2014

Diesel price decontrol in India : Making a case for a Oil sector regulator

  
 In the backdrop of the recent decontrol of diesel prices by the BJP government, it is pertinent to revisit the risk of cost-push inflation when the crude price will again reach peak level of around $140 per barrel. With addition of taxes from central/ state governments, it can reach as high as 90 per litre. Will not it pose a huge effect in RBI’s plan of inflation targeting of within 6 per cent by Jan 2016?

Let us go a little deeper into the broad reasons of a continuous fall of crude prices from 2012. Firstly, the US has turned into a net exporter for the first time due to huge exploration post 2008. Secondly, the OPEC countries of the Middle East have gone into price war for their market share. Thirdly, the economic outlook of the Eurozone is very bleak leading to lower demand from this part of the world. Last, but not the least, some of the Asian countries are deregulating prices of oil sectors in a world of declining crude. So, the subsidy bills going down leads to increase in prices instead of the crude price fall, leading to dampening demand.

India is the fourth largest consumer of oil worldwide after US, China & Japan *. So, running a subsidy regime covering all sections of the society is not at all an efficient move by the government.

 In the Indian context, there was a clear case to end the regulation regime . The opaque nature of the pricing by the government where government impose tax and give subsidy on the same product was not welcome.

But considering the mid-term nature of the dampening factors of oil demand and a fresh price shock in 2-3 years’ time make a case for creating a cycling buffer by the government. Such buffer is present in banking sector also, and the RBI has repeatedly vowed for its maintenance by the commercial banks. An autonomous regulator in the model of GAIL  should be created which will manage this buffer fund and will come into play when our crude price will be sky rocketing and will have cascading effect on our inflation numbers. The buffer would be created by keeping apart a part of tax on diesel by both central and state governments. It will save our economy from the price fluctuation internationally. . These doses of regulation should always be there to smoothen the economic activities, and also to save our poor people from inflationary risk, which is actually a form of regressive taxation for them.




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